Licensing
Licensing is the licensing (allowing) of products of a particular brand by another manufacturer or sales organization. Licensing can relate to copyright, but also to the basic right to market a product with a particular name or brand.
When large supermarket chains have another promotion in which they give away figurines with the groceries that depict soccer players or cartoon characters, they do so under license from the owner of the entity that holds the rights to do so. In practice, to do this they will have to pay a fee to this owner or operator.
When Philips' TV division was sold, it was agreed with the new owner that it could continue to produce and sell TVs under the Philips brand name. That too is a form of licensing.
Usage licenses
For some products, the revenue model is not a payment per product but a fee for use. This is especially common with computer programs and other information systems. The user does not (only) buy the product, but must purchase a user license for one or more users or installations. A user license involves one-time or recurring costs, but often also benefits such as support and free updates.
